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Autor	Kaja Karwowska, Magdalena Skotnicka, Maria Śmiechowska
Tytuł	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Title	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Słowa kluczowe	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Key words	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Abstrakt	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Abstract	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Cytowanie	Karwowska K., Skotnicka M., Śmiechowska M. (2019) Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 180-191
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s180.pdf

Autor	Anton Čiernik, Ingrid Šabíková, Igor Turuk
Tytuł	THE SOCIAL IMPORTANCE OF THE BENEFITS OF A GREEN ECONOMY
Title	Społeczne korzyści z zielonej gospodarki
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	Sustainable Development, Economic Growth, Ecology, Environmental Aspects, Multi-Criteria Decisional Analysis, Paulownia
Abstrakt
Abstract	The Slovak Republic, as a Member State of the European Union, is committed to meet the strategic objective, which is to “significantly increase the competitiveness and performance of the regions of the Slovak economy and employment, while respecting sustainable development”. Today's status of environmental pollution is a global problem, especially in the field of air protection, minimization of adverse effects of climate changes, the promotion of renewable energy sources, water conservation and the rational use and protection of land. Sustainable development represents the evolution of human society while preserving the environment for future generations. The article1 is focused on the strategic priorities with the aim of achieving economic growth in conjunction with the ecology and the quantification of indirect effects. The article describes the multi-criteria decisional analysis, which takes into account the indirect effects in the form of environmental aspects. At the end of the article the benefits of research are articulated.
Cytowanie	Čiernik A., Šabíková I., Turuk I. (2016) THE SOCIAL IMPORTANCE OF THE BENEFITS OF A GREEN ECONOMY.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 16(65): 141-147
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n65_s141.pdf

Autor	Waldemar Bojar, Grzegorz Dzieża, Arkadiusz Januszewski, Marek Sikora, Justyna Śpiewak, Zofia Wyszkowska, Mariusz Żółtowski
Tytuł	Wybrane metody ograniczania działania czynników ryzyka w rolnictwie w świetle współczesnych wyzwań
Title	Selected methods of reducing risk factors in agriculture in the light of contemporary challenges
Słowa kluczowe	ryzyko, rolnictwo, klimat, mapy numeryczne, mała retencja, współpraca
Key words	risk, agriculture, climate, digital maps, small retention, farmers’ cooperation
Abstrakt	Na podstawie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu oraz badań własnych scharakteryzowano wybrane metody ograniczania działania czynników ryzyka w rolnictwie. Obejmują one badanie skutków zmian klimatu, zastosowanie map numerycznych m.in. do skuteczniejszego stosowania ubezpieczeń rolniczych, modernizację infrastruktury – tzw. małą retencję, czy też wzrost skuteczności działań poprzez współpracę producentów rolnych. Upowszechnienie proponowanych rozwiązań wśród producentów rolnych w Polsce pomoże utrwalać i rozwijać przewagi konkurencyjne na turbulentnym i coraz bardziej konkurencyjnym globalnym rynku surowców rolniczych.
Abstract	In the paper, methods to limit acting of risk factors in agriculture in a view of contemporary challenges were characterized on the basis of a review of the literature and authors’ own studies. The studies on effects of climate changes, the use of digital maps for the effective application of agricultural insurance, modernization of so-called small retention infrastructure or growth in effectiveness of activities through the cooperation of agricultural producers were also. The dissemination of the proposed solutions among agricultural producers in Poland will help them to consolidate and develop competitive advantages at turbulent and increasingly included competitive global markets of raw food material.
Cytowanie	Bojar W., Dzieża G., Januszewski A., Sikora M., Śpiewak J., Wyszkowska Z., Żółtowski M. (2014) Wybrane metody ograniczania działania czynników ryzyka w rolnictwie w świetle współczesnych wyzwań.Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 101, z. 4: 7-18
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2014_n4_s7.pdf

Autor	Stanisław Bielski
Tytuł	Produkcja surowców energetycznych w Polsce w kontekście Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej
Title	Energy Feedstock Production in Poland in the Context of the Common Agricultural Policy
Słowa kluczowe
Key words
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu było przeanalizowanie wsparcia WPR do produkcji surowców energetycznych pochodzenie rolniczego w Polsce, a także prognoza krajowego zapotrzebowania materiału roślinnego do przetworzenia na biokomponenty. Obserwowane zmiany klimatyczne przypisywane także działalności rolniczej. Jednym ze sposobów ograniczenia niekorzystnego oddziaływania na środowisko naturalne paliw kopalnych (ciekłych i stałych) może być wykorzystanie odnawialnych źródeł energii. Rolnictwo jest producentem biomasy służącej do produkcji biokomponentów paliw płynnych, a także surowców do substytucji paliw stałych. Unia Europejska widząc potrzebę stymulacji produkcji biomasy na cele energetyczne wprowadziła szereg aktów prawnych wymuszających stosowanie biopaliw na terenie Wspólnoty. Rolnicy, jako producenci surowców, otrzymywali wsparcie finansowe do upraw energetycznych, początkowo z budżetu państwa, a w latach 2007-2009 w ramach WPR, zwiększając dochody z prowadzonej działalności rolniczej. Obecnie biopaliwa płynne są wytwarzane z surowców konsumpcyjnych lub paszowych. Problem ten od dawna budzi kontrowersje, a nawet otwartą polemikę wielu autorytetów odnośnie wpływu paliw roślinnych na cenę i dostępność żywności.
Abstract	The purpose of this paper was to analyze the CAP support energy production of agricultural origin in Poland, as well as forecast demand of plant feedstock to be processed into biocomponents. The observed climate changes are assigned e.g. agricultural activity. One of the way to reduce the adverse environmental impact of fossil fuels (liquid and solid) can be using renewable energy sources. Agriculture is a producer of the biomass for the production of biocomponents, as well as feedstock for conversion solid fuels. The European Union stimulated the production of biomass for energy purposes has introduced a number of laws that enforce the use of biofuels in the Community. Farmers, as producers of raw materials, received financial support for energy crops in the CAP. Currently, liquid biofuels are produced from raw materials consumption or animal feed. This problem is very controversial, and even an open polemic many authorities on the impact of plant fuels on price and availability of food.
Cytowanie	Bielski S. (2012) Produkcja surowców energetycznych w Polsce w kontekście Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 8(57): 47-59
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2012_n57_s47.pdf

Autor	Boróka Bíró, Emese Szocs
Tytuł	Territorial differences of climate change impact on Romanian crop production
Title	Territorial differences of climate change impact on Romanian crop production
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	climate change, crop yields, regional differences
Abstrakt
Abstract	Effects of the climate change appear in several fields of the economy and agriculture can be considered as one of the most affected among them. In a country, where almost 10% of the total GDP is produced by the agricultural sector and more than 30% of the total work force is employed in this field, these changes may have severe economic impacts. As in Romania almost 65% of the agricultural production is represented by vegetal production, we concentrate our investigations on this agricultural sector. Our aim is to present, basing on econometric modeling, how the climate changes will affect the Romanian crop production in the next 20 years, highlighting the territorial differences which appear between the Romanian NUTS2 development regions. This paper presents some of the first results of the FP6 research project “CLAVIER – Climate Change and Variability: Impact on Central and Eastern Europe”, contract no. 037013 (2006-2009).
Cytowanie	Bíró B., Szocs E. (2009) .Scientific Journal Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW - Problems of World Agriculture, t. 6(21), z. : 74-87
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2009_T6(21)_n_s74.pdf